The common signs of labor include experiencing regular contractions that gradually increase in both intensity and frequency, feeling lower back pain and cramping, and the breaking of water, which is the leakage of amniotic fluid. 

To distinguish between false labor and real labor, it’s important to note that false labor is characterized by irregular contractions with no increase in intensity and discomfort mainly in the abdomen. In contrast, real labor involves regular, frequent contractions that increase in strength, discomfort in the abdomen and lower back, and changes in the cervix.

Labor is divided into three stages. The first stage involves cervical dilation and effacement, thinning of the cervix. The second stage is characterized by active pushing and the birth of the baby. The third stage is the delivery of the placenta.

There are several choices when it comes to the pain relief options during labor. Epidural anesthesia is quite common and effective for pain relief. Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, is another option. Opioids can be administered by healthcare providers, and there are natural methods such as breathing exercises, massage, and water therapy.

Possible complications during labor and delivery can vary. They include prolonged labor or stalled labor, preterm birth, distress for the baby, which can be due to issues such as umbilical cord complications, postpartum hemorrhage, and infections.

Postpartum care focuses on the physical recovery from birth, which includes monitoring bleeding and managing pain. Emotional support is crucial to deal with potential baby blues or postpartum depression. This care phase also involves assistance with breastfeeding and newborn care, along with postpartum check-ups for both the mother and the baby.

Postpartum symptoms include excessive bleeding or foul-smelling vaginal discharge, severe headaches, blurred vision, or high blood pressure, which are signs of preeclampsia. Fever or chills can indicate an infection, and severe mood swings or depression could be indicative of postpartum depression.